Nursing Care Plan for Blepharitis

Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelids. Inflammation is often on the eyelids and the edge of the eyelids. In some cases accompanied by ulcers or not at the edge of the eyelids. Usually involving hair follicles and glands. Blepharitis is characterized by the formation of excessive oil in the glands near the eyelid which is the preferred environment by bacteria that are normally found on the skin.

Usually, people often assume eyestrain, or gritty eyes, and feels glare and discomfort when exposed to sunlight or at the time was in a smoky environment, provides an overview in the form of red eyes, and as there is a foreign body in the eye. Additionally, blepharitis can also disrupt the patient's self-image.

In general, the cause of blepharitis include:

• Infection or allergy that is usually chronic. Allergies can be caused by dust, smoke, chemicals irritating, or cosmetic ingredients.
• Due to abnormalities of the meibomian glands.
• Bacterial infections such as staphylococcus, Alpha-hemolytic streptococci, beta-hemolytic streptococci, pneumococcal (Streptococcus pneumoniae), pseudomonas, demodex folliculorum, until Pityrosporum ovale.
• Infections caused by the herpes zoster virus, herpes simplex, vaccinia, and so on.
• Pityrosporum ovale yeast infection, can cause superficial (systemic).

Clinical Manifestations

Symptoms:

• Blepharitis causes redness, scales and can also form a scab or shallow open sores on the eyelids.
• Blepharitis can cause the patient to feel there is something in the eye. Eyes and eyelids itchy, hot, and red. Eyelid swelling can occur and a few strands of eyelashes to fall out.
• Eyes become red, watery and sensitive to bright light. It could also be formed scab firmly attached to the edge of the eyelid; if scab is released, bleeding can occur.
• During sleep, eye secretions dried up, so that when you wake difficult eyelids open.

Signs :

• The scales on the eyelids.
• Eyelid redness, swelling, pain, and itching.
• Sticky exudate dependent on the eyelashes.
• Dirty eyes and a burning sensation.
• Oily exudate.
• Hard eyes opened.
• Reduced the number of lashes.

Nursing Care Plan for Blepharitis

Assessment

1. The history of health, environment, employment, lifestyle, use of drugs and cosmetics.

2. Subjective Data:

• People with eye inflammation may complain of itching.
• Pain (mild to severe) on the eyelids.
• Lacrimation (watery eyes always).
• Restless due to itching / pain.
• Patients feel there is something in the eye.
• Embarrassment and lack of confidence due to the effects of the disease (the lashes fall out and not replaced).
• Eyes blurred and visual acuity decreased.

3. Objective Data :

• Eyelid redness.
• Eyelid edema.
• Presence of pus expenditure.
• The eyelids can be a meeting when sleeping.
• Decreasing the number of eyelashes (loss).

4. Supporting Data:
Microbiological examination to determine the cause.

• Laboratory tests.
• Radiography.
  
  • Fluorescein angiography.
  • Computed tornografi (CT Scan).
  • With a slit lamp examination.

Nursing Diagnosis  for Blepharitis

1. Acute pain r / t inflammation due to bacterial infection.
2. Anxiety r / t visual impairment, damage to the eyelids.
3. Risk for injury r / t the deficit of knowledge, blurred vision or decrease the sharpness of the eyes.
4. Knowledge Deficit r / t less information about the disease.
5. Risk for infection r / t invasive procedures.
6. Disturbed Sensory perception (visual) r / t disruption reception status sensory organs.