10 Causes and Risk Factors of Osteoarthritis
The cause of osteoarthritis is still yet to be revealed, but some risk factors for the onset of osteoarthritis include:
1. Age
Of all the risk factors for the onset of osteoarthritis, aging is the strongest factor. The prevalence and severity of orteoartritis increasing with increasing age. Osteoarthritis is almost never in children, rarely at the age under 40 years of age and often over 60 years.
Physical and biochemical changes that occur with advancing age with a decrease in the amount of collagen and water content, and sediment shaped yellow pigment.
2. Genetic
Hereditary factors also play a role in the onset of osteoarthritis example, the mother of a woman with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joints, there are two times more often osteoarthritis in the joints, and her daughters tend to have three times more often than women and daughters of women without osteoarthritis.
Heberden's nodes is a form of osteoarthritis that is usually found in men whose parents osteoarthritis, whereas women, only one of the parents affected.
3. Gender
Women are more often affected by osteoarthritis of the knee and joints, and men more often osteoarthritis thigh, wrist and neck. In the complaint, under 45 years old, osteoarthritis approximately equal frequency in men and women. But over 50 years, the frequency osteoarthritis more in women than in men, it shows the hormonal role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
4. Overweight (obesity)
Real excessive weight associated with increased risk for the onset of osteoarthritis in women and in men. Obesity was not only associated with osteoarthritis in the joints that bear the burden, but also with other joint osteoarthritis (hand or sternoclavicular).
5. Bone density and wear (wear and tear)
Excessive use of joints could theoretically destroy cartilage through two mechanisms: erosion and degeneration process, because the material must contain.
6. Injury joints, work and sport (trauma)
Physical activity can lead to osteoarthritis is a trauma that causes damage to the integrity of the structure and biomechanics of the joint.
7. Due to arthritis else
Infection (rheumatoid arthritis; acute infection, chronic infection) cause an inflammatory reaction and spending destructive enzymes of cartilage matrix by the synovial membrane and inflammatory cells.
8. Endocrine diseases
In hyperthyroidism, the case of production of water and salts proteoglycan, which is excessive in whole tissue backers, thus damaging the physical properties of cartilage, ligaments, tendons, synovial, and skin. In diabetes mellitus, glucose will cause decreased proteoglycan production.
9. Joint Mallignment
In acromegaly due to the effect of growth hormone, then the cartilage will bounce and cause the joint to become unstable / balanced so as to accelerate the process of degeneration.
10. Deposits in cartilage
Hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, can precipitate calcium pyrophosphate hemosiderin, copper polymer, hemogentisis acid, monosodium urate crystals / pyrophosphate in cartilage.
1. Age
Of all the risk factors for the onset of osteoarthritis, aging is the strongest factor. The prevalence and severity of orteoartritis increasing with increasing age. Osteoarthritis is almost never in children, rarely at the age under 40 years of age and often over 60 years.
Physical and biochemical changes that occur with advancing age with a decrease in the amount of collagen and water content, and sediment shaped yellow pigment.
Hereditary factors also play a role in the onset of osteoarthritis example, the mother of a woman with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joints, there are two times more often osteoarthritis in the joints, and her daughters tend to have three times more often than women and daughters of women without osteoarthritis.
Heberden's nodes is a form of osteoarthritis that is usually found in men whose parents osteoarthritis, whereas women, only one of the parents affected.
3. Gender
Women are more often affected by osteoarthritis of the knee and joints, and men more often osteoarthritis thigh, wrist and neck. In the complaint, under 45 years old, osteoarthritis approximately equal frequency in men and women. But over 50 years, the frequency osteoarthritis more in women than in men, it shows the hormonal role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
4. Overweight (obesity)
Real excessive weight associated with increased risk for the onset of osteoarthritis in women and in men. Obesity was not only associated with osteoarthritis in the joints that bear the burden, but also with other joint osteoarthritis (hand or sternoclavicular).
5. Bone density and wear (wear and tear)
Excessive use of joints could theoretically destroy cartilage through two mechanisms: erosion and degeneration process, because the material must contain.
6. Injury joints, work and sport (trauma)
Physical activity can lead to osteoarthritis is a trauma that causes damage to the integrity of the structure and biomechanics of the joint.
7. Due to arthritis else
Infection (rheumatoid arthritis; acute infection, chronic infection) cause an inflammatory reaction and spending destructive enzymes of cartilage matrix by the synovial membrane and inflammatory cells.
8. Endocrine diseases
In hyperthyroidism, the case of production of water and salts proteoglycan, which is excessive in whole tissue backers, thus damaging the physical properties of cartilage, ligaments, tendons, synovial, and skin. In diabetes mellitus, glucose will cause decreased proteoglycan production.
9. Joint Mallignment
In acromegaly due to the effect of growth hormone, then the cartilage will bounce and cause the joint to become unstable / balanced so as to accelerate the process of degeneration.
10. Deposits in cartilage
Hemochromatosis, Wilson disease, can precipitate calcium pyrophosphate hemosiderin, copper polymer, hemogentisis acid, monosodium urate crystals / pyrophosphate in cartilage.
